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SM ''UB-13'' was a German Type UB I submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy ((ドイツ語:Kaiserliche Marine)) during World War I. The submarine was probably sunk by a British mine net in April 1916. ''UB-13'' was ordered in October 1914 and was laid down at the AG Weser shipyard in Bremen in November. ''UB-13'' was a little under in length and displaced between , depending on whether surfaced or submerged. She carried two torpedoes for her two bow torpedo tubes and was also armed with a deck-mounted machine gun. ''UB-13'' was broken into sections and shipped by rail to Antwerp for reassembly. She was launched in March 1915 and commissioned as SM ''UB-13'' in April.〔"SM" stands for "Seiner Majestät" ((英語:His Majesty's)) and combined with the ''U'' for ''Unterseeboot'' would be translated as ''His Majesty's Submarine''.〕 ''UB-13'' spent her entire career in the Flanders Flotilla and sank 11 merchant ships, about half of them British fishing vessels. In March 1916, ''UB-13'' was responsible for sinking the Dutch ocean liner , raising the ire of the Dutch public. ''Tubantia'' was the largest neutral vessel sunk during the war and among the 30 largest ships sunk by U-boats. On 24 April 1916, ''UB-13'' was sunk with all hands. == Design and construction == After the German Army's rapid advance along the North Sea coast in the earliest stages of World War I, the German Imperial Navy found itself without suitable submarines that could be operated in the narrow and shallow seas off Flanders.〔Miller, pp. 46–47.〕〔Karau, p. 48.〕 Project 34, a design effort begun in mid-August 1914,〔 produced the Type UB I design: a small submarine that could be shipped by rail to a port of operations and quickly assembled. Constrained by railroad size limitations, the UB I design called for a boat about long and displacing about with two torpedo tubes.〔〔A further refinement of the design—replacing the torpedo tubes with mine chutes but changing little else—evolved into the Type UC I coastal minelaying submarine. See: Miller, p. 458.〕 ''UB-13'' was part of the initial allotment of seven submarines—numbered to —ordered on 15 October from AG Weser of Bremen, just shy of two months after planning for the class began.〔〔Williamson, p. 12.〕 ''UB-13'' was laid down by Weser in Bremen on 7 November.〔 As built, ''UB-13'' was long, abeam, and had a draft of . She had a single Körting 4-cylinder diesel engine for surface travel, and a single Siemens-Schuckert electric motor for underwater travel, both attached to a single propeller shaft. Her top speeds were , surfaced, and , submerged.〔 At more moderate speeds, she could sail up to on the surface before refueling, and up to submerged before recharging her batteries. Like all boats of the class, ''UB-13'' was rated to a diving depth of , and could completely submerge in 33 seconds. ''UB-13'' was armed with two torpedoes in two bow torpedo tubes. She was also outfitted for a single machine gun on deck. ''UB-13''s standard complement consisted of one officer and thirteen enlisted men.〔Karau, p. 49.〕 After work on ''UB-13'' was complete at the Weser yard, she was readied for rail shipment. The process of shipping a UB I boat involved breaking the submarine down into what was essentially a knock down kit. Each boat was broken into approximately fifteen pieces and loaded on to eight railway flatcars.〔 In February 1915, the sections of ''UB-13'' were shipped to Antwerp for assembly in what was typically a two- to three-week process. After ''UB-13'' was assembled and launched on 8 March,〔 she was loaded on a barge and taken through canals to Bruges where she underwent trials.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SM UB-13」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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